Northernmost

credit: Szilagyi Lenke

The northernmost point from which a reader had/has access to my blog lies somewhere in or around Finnsnes in Norway. The town lies at a latitude of 69 degrees north.

Night's phonetics

credit: CUP

I checked out from the library Rachael-Anne Knight's book Phonetics, published in 2012 by CUP. Judging from a very cursory flip through the book, I think, it should rather have been called English Phonetics.

credit: www.rachaelanne.net

The author has been senior lecturer in phonetics at the City University London since 2007.








Here's the
Table of Contents

1. The difference between speech and writing
2. Consonant voicing
3. Consonant place of articulation
4. Consonant manner of articulation
5. The IPA chart and mid-sagittal sections for consonants
6. Vowels
7. Airstream mechanisms
8. Syllables and stress
9. Allophonic variations of voice
10. Allophonic variations of place
11. Allophonic variations of manner
12. Allophonic variations of vowels
13. Allophonic transcription and parametric diagrams
14. Speech sound variation
15. Weak forms and elision
16. Liaison
17. Assimilation
18. Broad transcription
19. Intonation
20. Functions of intonation

More on the book in a future blog post.

Regina Ellis vs. Sweet

Linking up once again with Jack Windsor Lewis's blog (no. 404), I've put together a table which allows a comparison of the weakform words collected and transcribed by Ellis in EEP, vol. 4, and by Henry Sweet in his Elementarbuch des gesprochenen Englisch (Oxford, Leipzig) of 1885. 

		Ellis (1874), p. 1166f.	Sweet (1885). p. 23ff.
1.	a	e, ah, ɐ	ə
2.	am		əm, m
3.	an		ən
4.	and	ɐnd, ɐn, n, nh	ən (+C), ənd (+V), n (e.g. bread and butter), m (e.g. cup and saucer)
5.	are		ə(r)
6.	as	ɐz, z	əz
7.	at		ət
8.	be	bi, bi, bɐ	bɩ̆j, bɩ̆
9.	been		bɩ̆jn, bɩ̆n
10.	by	no chanɡe	bəi, bɩ̆
11.	can	k’n, kn	kən, kn
12.	cannot	no chanɡe
13.	do	du, du, dɐ	də, d
14.	does		dəz
15.	for	fʌ, fʌr, fɐ, fɐr	fŏ(r), fə(r)
16.	from	frɐm	frəm
17.	had		həd, əd, d
18.	have	Hɐv, ɐv, v	həv, əv, v
19.	has		həz, əz, z, s
20.	he	Hi, Hi, i, i	hɩ̆j, ɩ̆j
21.	her	ɐ, ɐr	hə(r)
22.	him		hɩ̆m, ɩ̆m
23.	his	iz	hɩ̆z, ɩ̆z
24.	I	change is not ‘received’
25.	into	intu, intɐ
26.	it	no chanɡe
27.	madam	mæm, mem, mim, məm, mɐm, m’m, m
28.	me	mi, mi, mɐ	mɩ̆j, mɩ̆
29.	must		məst, məs
30.	my	mi (always in myself, my lord)
31.	nor		nŏ(r), nə(r)
32.	not		nt (only in verbal forms)
33.	of	əv, ɐv, ɐ	ŏv, əv, ə
34.	on	no chanɡe	ŏn
35.	one	change is not ‘received’
36.	or	ʌ, ʌr, ɐ, ɐr	ŏ(r), ə(r)
37.	our	no chanɡe
38.	Saint, St.		snt (+V), sn (+C)
39.	shall	shl, shlh
40.	she	shi, shi, sh”i	ʃɩ̆j, ʃɩ̆
41.	should	sh’d, sh‘d	ʃəd
42.	sir	sɐ
43.	some		səm
44.	such		səʧ
45.	than		ðən
46.	that	dhɐt, dh’t
47.	the	dhi, dhy, dhȷ, dh, dhe, dhɐ, dhə	ðɩ̆, ðə
48.	their	dhɐ	ðə(r)
49.	them	dhym, dhɐm	ðəm, əm
50.	there	dhɐ	ðə(r)
51.	there is		ðəz
52.	they	dhe, dhe
53.	they are		ðɛə(r)
54.	till		tɩ̆l, tl
55.	to	tu, tu, tɐ	tŭ (+V), tə (+C)
56.	us	ɐs	əs, s (as in lets)
57.	was		wəz
58.	we	wi, wi	wɩ̆j, wɩ̆
59.	were	wu, wɐr	wə(r)
60.	which	wh‘tsh, witsh
61.	who	Hu, Hu, u
62.	will	wɐl, wl, l	əl, l
63.	with	wi
64.	would	w’d	wəd, əd, d
65.	you	ȷu, ȷu, ȷɐ	jŭw, jŭ, jə
66.	your	ȷɐ, ȷɐr	jŏ(r), jə(r)

Sweet lists 20 weakform words that do not appear in Ellis’s collection. The number of common items is 31 (if one includes on as a weakform word, otherwise 30).