- Walker =1791
- Beniowski =1845
- Afzelius =1909
- Michaelis/Jones =1913 (= M-J)
- Palmer/Martin/Blandford =1926 (= PMB)
- Wyld =1932
| item | Walker | Beniowski | Afzelius1 | M-J | PMB | Wyld | |
| aunt | ɑːnt | ɑːnt | ɑːnt | ɑːnt | ɑːnt | ɑːnt | |
| craunch | krɑːntʃ | krɑːntʃ | krɔːnʃ | -- | -- | -- | |
| daunt | dɑːnt | dɑːnt | dɔːnt | dɔːnt | -- | dɔːnt | |
| draunt | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | |
| flaunt | flɑːnt | flɑːnt | flɔːnt | flɔːnt | -- | flɔːnt | |
| gaunt | gɑːnt | gɑːnt | gɔːnt, gɑːnt | gɔːnt | -- | gɔːnt | |
| gauntlet | ˈgɑːntlet | gɑːntlet | ˈgɔːntlɪt, ˈgɑːntlɪt | ˈgɔːntlit | -- | ˈgɔːntlɪt | |
| graunch | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | |
| haunch | hɑːntʃ | hɑːnʃ | hɔːnʃ, hɑːnʃ | hɔːntʃ | -- | hɔːnʃ | |
| haunt | hɑːnt | hɑːnt | hɔːnt, hɑːnt | hɔːnt | hɔːnt | hɔːnt | |
| jaunce | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | |
| jaunder | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | |
| jaundice | ˈʤɑːndɪs | ʤɑːndɪs | ˈʤɔːndɪs, ˈʤɑːndɪs | ˈʤɔːndɪs [ˈʤɑːndɪs] | -- | ˈʤɑːndɪs, ˈʤɔːndɪs | |
| jaunt | ʤɑːnt | ʤɑːnt | ʤɔːnt, ʤɑːnt | ʤɔːnt [ʤɑːnt] | -- | ʤɔːnt, ʤɑːnt | |
| launce | -- | -- | lɑːns | lɑːns | -- | -- | |
| launch | lɑːntʃ | lɑːnʃ | lɔːnʃ, lɑːnʃ | lɔːntʃ | lɔːntʃ, lɑːntʃ | lɔːntʃ, lɑːntʃ | |
| laund | lɔːnd | lɔːnd | -- | -- | -- | -- | |
| laundry | lɑːndriː | lɑːndriː | ˈlɔːndrɪ, ˈlɑːndrɪ | ˈlɔːndri | ˈlɔːndrɪ, ˈlɑːndrɪ | ˈlɑːndrɪ, ˈlɔːndrɪ | |
| maunch | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | |
| maund | mɑːnd2 | mɑːnd | mɔːnd | -- | -- | mɔːnd | |
| maunge | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | |
| naunt | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | |
| paunch | pɑːnʃ | pɑːnʃ | pɔːnʃ, pɑːnʃ | pɔːntʃ | -- | pɔːntʃ | |
| raunce | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||
| raunch | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | |
| staunch | -- | -- | ? | stɔːntʃ [stɑːntʃ] | -- | stɔːn(t)ʃ, stɑːn(t)ʃ | |
| taunt | tɑːnt | tɑːnt, tɔːnt | ? | tɔːnt | -- | tɔːnt | |
| vaunt | vɔːnt | vɔːnt | ? | vɔːnt | -- | vɔːnt |
1 I could check only words beginning with the letters <a> to <pa>.
2 Mentioned in principle 214 in the introduction only.
Your int·resting table had a few modest surprises for me: Wyld's suggestions that by the 1930s jaundice and laundry were commoner with /ɑː/ and that launch and jaunt cd still be he·rd with it at all. Also that its use as a subvariant in launch, laundry (and laundress which was not one you chose to list) was considerd by Palmer and Blandford as current enuff in 1926 to be recorded for EFL users.
ReplyDeleteWyld was born in 1870 and Palmer in 1877.
Ross has "lahnch" not only as "old-fashioned U" but also as "Navy", interestingly.
ReplyDeleteIf some blog followers are unfamiliar with the name Ross: @Lipman refers to Alan Strode Campbell Ross and his book How to pronounce it of 1970.
ReplyDeleteYes, sorry indeed and thanks. I realised later that I very probably had just written "Ross" without even the year, but I wasn't near a computer and then forgot again. (In my opinion, what he writes has to be taken with more than a grain of salt sometimes, in spite of the fact that he was a linguist, or a philologist, by profession. But this kind of observation is probably reliable.)
ReplyDeleteIn 2007 Clive Upton wrote a critique of A.S.C. Ross's "Linguistic class- indicators in present-day English", which was published in Neuphilologische Mitteilungen (pp. 109ff.) and is a worthwhile read.
ReplyDeleteThe gist of Upton's evaluation is:
"The word ‘fun’ is the overriding word as regards a sane response to the paper and, one dearly hopes, as regards the spirit in which Ross wrote it."